Pierre Berthier ( 1782 - 1861) was a French mineralogist and mining engineer who discovered bauxite (aluminium ore) in 1821 near the village Les Baux de Provence
In 1806, he joined the central laboratory at the Board of Mines. From 1816, he was chief of the laboratory at the École des Mines, and professor of assaying. Berthier analyzed kaolin along with dozens of other minerals and ores. He sought out phosphate deposits valuable for agriculture. He published a treatise (1834) of practical analytical procedures that were widely used by other mineralogists. In another field, Berthier noticed that isomorphism occurred whereby chemically different substances can have the same crystalline form and even co-crystallise.
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